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• (broadcast) • (DVD) Audio format 2.0 (DVD) Original release February 22, 1993 ( 1993-02-22) – November 25, 1998 ( 1998-11-25) Chronology Preceded by Followed by Related shows External links Website Babylon 5 is an American television series created by writer and producer, under the Babylonian Productions label, in association with Straczynski's Synthetic Worlds Ltd. After the successful airing of a on February 22, 1993,, in May 1993 Warner Brothers commissioned the series for production as part of its (PTEN).

The first season premiered in the US on January 26, 1994, and the series ultimately ran for the intended five seasons. Describing it as having 'always been conceived as, fundamentally, a five year story, a novel for television', Straczynski wrote 92 of the 110 episodes, and served as executive producer, along with.

Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Setting [ ] Set between the years 2257 and 2262, it depicts a future where Earth has sovereign states, and a unifying. Colonies within the solar system, and beyond, make up the, and contact has been made with other species. The portray alien ambassadorial staff and humans assigned to the 5-mile (8.0 km)-long, a center for trade and diplomacy. Described as 'one of the most complex programs on television', the various drew upon the prophesies, religious zealotry, racial tensions, social pressures, and political rivalries which existed within each of their cultures, to create a contextual framework for the motivations and consequences of the protagonists' actions. With a strong emphasis on set against a backdrop of conflicting ideologies on multiple levels, Straczynski wanted 'to take an adult approach to, and attempt to do for television SF what did for cop shows.' Influence [ ] Generally viewed as having 'launched the new era of television CGI visual effects', it received multiple awards during its initial run, including two consecutive Hugo Awards for, and continues to regularly feature prominently in various polls and listings highlighting top-rated science fiction series.

Not appearing on American television since 2003, it continues to be shown in international markets such as in the UK, the Channel in Sweden, and the channel in Fiji. Initially written by Straczynski, began publishing in 1994, with stories that closely tied in with events depicted in the show, with events in the comics eventually being referenced onscreen in the actual television series. The continued to expand into short stories, RPG's, and novels, with the of books being the last to be published in 2001, shortly after the spin-off television series,, was cancelled. Excepting movie rights, which are retained by Straczynski, all production rights for the franchise are owned by Warner Bros.

[ ] Plot summary [ ] Backstory [ ]. See also: At the beginning of the series, five dominant civilizations (the,,,, and the ) are presented. 'The ' and their various allies are malevolent species who appear later in the series. Several dozen less powerful species from the appear, including the,,,, and. The station's first three predecessors (the original Babylon station, Babylon 2 and Babylon 3) were sabotaged or accidentally destroyed before their completion. The fourth station,, vanished without a trace twenty-four hours after it became fully operational.

Synopsis [ ] TV seasons and films 1993–2007 In order of series chronology: 2245–48 • (1st film) * 2256 • commissioned 2257 • (Pilot) 2258 • (Season 1) 2259 • (Season 2) 2260 • (Season 3) 2261 • (Season 4) ** 2261 • (2nd film) *** 2262 • (Season 5) † 2263 • (3rd film) 2265 • (5th film) 2266 • (4th film) 2267 • ( series) 2271 • 2278 • (1st film) * 2281 • Babylon 5 station decommissioned * The framing story is set in 2278. ** The final episode of the season includes scenes of future events up to 3262 and beyond. *** The story is set between the two wars in season 4. † The final episode of series is set in 2281. The television series takes its name from the, located in the system, at the between the fictional planet and its moon. Babylon 5 is an five miles long and a half-mile to a mile in diameter.

Living areas accommodate the various alien species, providing differing atmospheres and gravities. Human visitors to the alien sectors are shown using breathing equipment and other measures to tolerate the conditions.

The five seasons of the series each correspond to one fictional sequential year in the period 2258–2262. Each season shares its name with an episode that is central to that season's plot. As the series starts, the Babylon 5 station is welcoming ambassadors from various races in the galaxy. Earth has just barely survived an accidental war with the much more powerful, who, despite their superior technology, mysteriously surrendered at the brink of the destruction of the human race during the. Season 1 – Year 2258 [ ].

Main article: During 2258, is in charge of the station. Much of the story revolves around his gradual discovery that it was his capture by the Minbari at the Battle of the Line which ended the war against Earth. Upon capturing Sinclair, the Minbari came to believe that he was the reincarnation of, a great Minbari leader and hero of the last Minbari-Shadow war. Inferring that others of their species had been and were continuing to be reborn as humans, and in obedience to the edict that Minbari do not kill one another lest they harm the soul, they stopped the war just as final defenses were on the verge of collapse.

Meanwhile, tensions between the Centauri Republic, an empire in decline, and the Narn Regime, a former dominion which rebelled and gained freedom, are increasing. Ambassador G'Kar of the Narn wishes for his people to strike back at the Centauri for what they did, and Ambassador Londo Mollari of the Centauri wishes for his people to become again the great empire they once were. As part of these struggles, Mollari makes a deal with a mysterious ally to strike back at the Narn, further heightening tensions. It is gradually revealed that is a member of the mysterious and powerful, the ruling body of the Minbari. Towards the end of 2258, she begins the transformation into a Minbari/human hybrid, ostensibly to build a bridge between the humans and Minbari.

The year ends with the death of president Luis Santiago. The death is officially ruled an accident, but some members of the military, including the staff of Babylon 5, believe it to be an assassination. Season 2 – Year 2259 [ ]. Main article: At the beginning of 2259, replaces Sinclair as the military governor of the station after Sinclair is reassigned as ambassador to Minbar.

He and the command staff gradually learn that the assassination of President Santiago was arranged by his then-Vice President, Morgan Clark, who has now become president. Conflict develops between the Babylon 5 command staff and the, an increasingly organization which oversees and controls the lives of human.

The Shadows, an ancient and extremely powerful race who have recently emerged from hibernation, are revealed to be the cause of a variety of mysterious and disturbing events, including the attack on the Narn outpost at the end of 2258. Centauri Ambassador unknowingly enlists their aid through his association with their mysterious human representative in the ongoing conflict with the Narn.

The elderly and ailing Centauri emperor, long an advocate of reconciliation with the Narn, unfortunately has insufficient control to prevent others from instigating war against the Narn Regime. When the emperor dies suddenly during a peace mission to Babylon 5, a number of conspirators, including Ambassador Londo Mollari and Lord Refa, take control of the Centauri government by assassinating their opponents and placing the late emperor's unstable nephew on the throne. Their first act is to start open aggression against the Narn.

After a full-scale war breaks out, the Centauri with the help of the Shadows through Londo eventually conquer Narn in a brutal attack involving, outlawed. Towards the end of the year, the Clark administration begins to show increasingly totalitarian characteristics, clamping down on dissent and restricting. The are revealed to be the basis of legends about on various worlds, including Earth, and are the ancient enemies of the Shadows. They enlist the aid of Sheridan and the Babylon 5 command staff in the struggle against the Shadows. Season 3 – Year 2260 [ ]. Main article: The Psi Corps and President Clark, whose government has discovered Shadow vessels buried in Earth's solar system, begin to harness the vessels' advanced technology.

The Clark administration continues to become increasingly and totalitarian, and gradually develops an government style, including an organization called Night Watch which targets citizens who hold views contrary to those of Clark's regime. Sheridan and Delenn's 'conspiracy of light' works to uncover clues about how to defeat the Shadows.

During a mission near, one of the moons of Jupiter, their ship is seen by the Earth Alliance destroyer Agamemnon, but not recognized. Though they escape and no shots were fired in the encounter, President Clark uses it as an excuse to declare martial law. This triggers a war of independence on, which had long had a strained political relationship with Earth. Babylon 5 attempts to avoid conflict with Earth, but in response to civilian bombings on Mars, concerns with Night Watch, and illegal orders meant to oppress their populations, they choose to declare independence from Earth, along with several other outlying Earth Alliance colonies including Orion VII and Proxima III. In response, the Earth Alliance attempts to retake Babylon 5 by force, but with the aid of the Minbari, who have allied with the station against the growing Shadow threat, the attack is repelled at great cost.

Becoming concerned over the Shadows' growing influence among his people, Centauri ambassador Londo Mollari attempts to sever ties with them., the Shadows' human representative, tricks him into restoring the partnership by engineering the murder of Mollari's mistress while putting the blame on a rival Centauri House. Open warfare breaks out between the Shadows and the alliance led by Babylon 5 and the Minbari. It is learned that genetic manipulation by the Vorlons is the source of telepathy in humans and other races, as it is later discovered that Shadow ships are vulnerable to telepathic attacks. Displeased at the Vorlons' lack of direct action against the Shadows, Captain John Sheridan browbeats Vorlon ambassador into launching an attack against their mutual enemy. Kosh's deeds lead to his subsequent assassination by the Shadows. Former station commander Jeffrey Sinclair returns to Babylon 5 to enlist the aid of Captain Sheridan, Delenn, Ivanova and Marcus in stealing the space station and sending it 1,000 years back in time to use it as a base of operations against the Shadows in the previous Minbari-Shadow war. Having undergone a transformation similar to the one Delenn had at the end of Season 1, Sinclair transforms into a Minbari and is subsequently revealed to be the actual Valen of Minbari legend, rather than simply a reincarnation.

Meanwhile, as a result of the unstable time travel, Sheridan sees a vision of the downfall of Centauri Prime when it is attacked by Shadow allies after the Shadow war, and he becomes determined to prevent that future. Sheridan and Delenn begin a romantic relationship, but their lives and the war are interrupted by the sudden reappearance of Sheridan's wife, who was presumed dead after taking part in an archaeological expedition to Z'ha'dum years prior. She tells Sheridan that the Shadows are not evil, hoping to bring him back with her and recruit him to their cause.

He soon realizes that her mind has been tampered with and corrupted by the Shadows, but accepts her offer to visit Z'ha'dum because he hopes it will save the galaxy sooner and prevent the downfall of Centauri Prime. He takes with him a pair of nuclear warheads, which he uses to destroy their largest city, and is last seen jumping into a miles-deep pit to escape the explosion. Shadow vessels appear at the station, but disappear after Sheridan's attack. However, after they leave, station personnel realize that Garibaldi, who left in a fighter to defend against the vessels, never returned.

Season 4 – Year 2261 [ ]. Main article: In 2261, the Vorlons join the Shadow War, but their tactics become a concern for the alliance when the Vorlons begin destroying entire planets which they deem to have been 'influenced' by the Shadows. Disturbed by this turn of events, Babylon 5 recruits several other powerful and ancient races (the ) to their cause, against both the Shadows and the Vorlons. Captain John Sheridan returns to the station after escaping from Z'ha'dum and reunites the galaxy against the Shadows, but at a price: barring illness or injury, he has only 20 years left to live. He is accompanied by a mysterious alien named Lorien who claims to be the first sentient being in the galaxy, and who breathed life into Sheridan at Z'ha'dum.

Once Sheridan returns, he and Delenn formalize their relationship and begin planning to marry, although most of their plans are put on hold due to the ongoing war. Hours before Sheridan's return, Garibaldi is rescued and returned to the station, in rather dubious circumstances. Over the course of the next several months, he becomes markedly more paranoid and suspicious of other alien races and of Sheridan than he was before, causing worry among his friends and colleagues. Centauri Emperor forges a relationship with the Shadows. With the reluctant help of his enemy G'Kar, Londo Mollari engineers the assassination of Cartagia and repudiates his agreement with the Shadows.

In exchange for G'Kar's help, Londo frees the Narn from Centauri occupation. Londo afterwards kills Mr. Morden and destroys the Shadow vessels based on the, in a successful attempt to save his planet from destruction by the Vorlons. Aided by the other ancient races, and several younger ones, Sheridan lures both the Vorlons and the Shadows into an immense battle, during which the and Shadows reveal that they have been left as guardians of the younger races, but due to philosophical differences, ended up using them as pawns in their endless throughout the ages.

The younger races reject their continued interference, and the Vorlons and Shadows, along with the remaining First Ones, agree to depart the galaxy in order to allow the younger races to find their own way. After the Shadows are defeated, Garibaldi leaves his post as security chief and works on his own as a 'provider of information'. He begins working for one William Edgars, a Mars tycoon, who is married to Garibaldi's former love. While he works ever closer with Edgars, he becomes increasingly aggressive toward Sheridan and eventually leaves Babylon 5. Is gripped by a brief civil war between the Warrior and Religious castes. Delenn secretly meets with Neroon of the Warrior caste and convinces him that neither side can be allowed to win.

She tells him that she will undergo a ritual wherein she will be willing to sacrifice herself, but will stop the ritual before she actually dies. When Neroon sees that she actually intends to go through the entire ritual, he rescues her and sacrifices himself instead, declaring that, although he was born Warrior caste, in his heart he is Religious caste. As part of the conflict between Earth and Babylon 5, Garibaldi eventually betrays Sheridan and arranges his capture to gain Edgars' trust and learn his plans. Garibaldi later learns that Edgars had created a virus that is dangerous only to telepaths. It is then revealed that after Garibaldi was captured the previous year, he was taken to the Psi Corps and re-programmed by Bester to provide information to him at the right time. Bester releases Garibaldi of his programming, and allows him to remember everything he had done since being kidnapped. Edgars is killed by Psi Corps operatives.

His wife disappears but is reunited with Garibaldi after the end of the war. Sheridan is tortured and interrogated by those who hope to break him and turn him into a propaganda tool for Earth's totalitarian government. Fortunately, Garibaldi is able to help free Sheridan and return him to the campaign to free Earth. An alliance led by Babylon 5 frees Earth from totalitarian rule by president Clark in a short but bloody war. This culminates in Clark's suicide and the restoration of democratic government in the Earth Alliance. Mars is granted full independence and Sheridan agrees to resign his commission. The is dissolved and reformed into the, with Sheridan elected as its first president and continuing his command of the, who are to act as a galactic equivalent of.

Londo and G'Kar enter an uneasy alliance to help both their races as well as Sheridan in forming the Interstellar Alliance. During the final battle to liberate Earth from Clark's regime, Ivanova is critically injured, promised only a few days to live. Marcus, who had fallen in love with Ivanova, finds the same alien healing device used to revive Garibaldi at the beginning of the second season and transfers almost all of his life energy into Ivanova, causing her to live. This causes her immense emotional anguish and she chooses to leave Babylon 5 for another posting in EarthForce. Marcus is placed into indefinite cryonic suspension at her request, pending resuscitation technology.

Sheridan and Delenn complete their marriage ceremony while en route to Babylon 5, where they will head the Interstellar Alliance until the completion of Alliance's permanent headquarters. In the season finale, the events of 100, 500, 1000 and one million years into the future are shown, depicting Babylon 5's lasting influence throughout history. Among the events shown are the political aftermath of the 2261 civil war, a subsequent nuclear war on Earth involving a new totalitarian government in 2762, the resulting fall of Earth into a, the loss and restoration of humanity's knowledge of space travel and the final evolution of mankind into energy beings similar to the Vorlons, after which Earth's sun goes. Season 5 – Year 2262 and beyond [ ]. Main article: In 2262, Earthforce Captain is appointed to command Babylon 5, which is now also the headquarters of the Interstellar Alliance. The station grows in its role as a sanctuary for rogue telepaths running from the, resulting in conflict., former Narn ambassador to Babylon 5, becomes unwillingly a spiritual icon after a book that he wrote while incarcerated during the Narn-Centauri War is published without his knowledge.

The, former allies of the Shadows who remained in the galaxy, take control of on Centauri Prime through a parasitic creature called a Keeper, then incite a war between the Centauri and the Interstellar Alliance, in order to isolate the Centauri from the Alliance and gain a malleable homeworld for themselves. Centauri Prime is devastated by and warships and Londo Mollari becomes emperor, then ends the war. However, the Drakh blackmail him into accepting a Drakh Keeper, under threat of the complete nuclear destruction of the planet., Mollari's loyal and more moral aide, becomes ambassador to Babylon 5 in his stead. G'Kar also leaves Babylon 5 to escape his unwanted fame and explore the rim.

Sheridan and Delenn move to a city on Minbar, where the new headquarters of the Interstellar Alliance are located, while celebrating their first year of marriage and the upcoming birth of their son, and mourning the loss of dear friendships. Garibaldi marries and settles down on Mars, where he and his wife share ownership of a prominent pharmaceutical company. Most other main characters, including Stephen Franklin and Lyta Alexander, leave Babylon 5 as well. As shown in flash-forwards earlier in the series, the next several years include the reign of Londo Mollari as Centauri Emperor.

Sixteen years later, Londo sacrifices his life to rescue Sheridan and Delenn from the Drakh, in the hope that they in turn can save Centauri Prime. To prevent the Drakh from discovering his ruse, he asks G'Kar, now an old friend, to kill him, but Londo's Keeper wakes up and forces him to kill G'Kar in return. They die at each other's throats, in accordance with Londo's vision many decades earlier, and Vir Cotto succeeds him as emperor, free of Drakh influence.

Three years after Londo's death, Sheridan himself is on the verge of death and takes one last opportunity to gather his old friends together. Shortly after his farewell party, Sheridan says goodbye to Delenn, though in Minbari fashion they use the word 'goodnight' to signify their hope of an eventual reunion. Sheridan then takes a final trip to the obsolete Babylon 5 station before its decommissioning.

He returns to the site of the final battle between the Vorlons and the Shadows and apparently dies, but is instead claimed by The First One, who invites him to join the other First Ones on a journey beyond the rim of the galaxy. Babylon 5 station is destroyed in a demolition shortly after Sheridan's departure, its existence no longer necessary as the Alliance has taken over its diplomatic purposes and other trading routes have been established. This final episode features a cameo by Straczynski as the technician who switches off the lights before Babylon 5 is demolished. Themes [ ] Throughout its run, Babylon 5 found ways to portray relevant to modern and historical social issues. It marked several firsts in television science fiction, such as the exploration of the political and social landscapes of the first human colonies, their interactions with Earth, and the underlying tensions.

Babylon 5 was also one of the first television science fiction shows to refer to a. In the show, is as much of an issue as 'being left-handed or right-handed'. Is explored as a source of pain for the characters, though not all the relationships end unhappily. Chaos; authoritarianism vs.

Free will [ ]. Neither the Vorlons nor the Shadows saw themselves as conquerors or adversaries. Both believed they were doing what was right for us.

And like any possessive parent, they'll keep on believing that until the kid is strong enough to stand up and say, 'No, this is what I want.' —, 1997 The clash between order and chaos, and the people caught in between, plays an important role in Babylon 5. The conflict between two unimaginably powerful older races, the and the, is represented as a battle between two competing ideologies, each seeking to turn the humans and the other younger races to their beliefs. The Vorlons represent an philosophy: you will do what we tell you to, because we tell you to do it. The Vorlon question, 'Who are you?'

Focuses on identity as a catalyst for shaping personal goals; the intention is not to solicit a correct answer, but to 'tear down the artifices we construct around ourselves until we're left facing ourselves, not our roles.' The Shadows represent another philosophy cloaked in a disguise of evolution through fire (as shown in the episode in which Sheridan goes to Z'ha'dum and when he refuses to cooperate, Justin tells him: 'But we do what we're told. And so will you!'

), of sowing the seeds of conflict in order to engender progress. The question the Shadows ask is 'What do you want?' In contrast to the Vorlons, they place personal desire and ambition first, using it to shape identity, encouraging conflict between groups who choose to serve their own glory or profit. The representation of order and chaos was informed by the that the universe was born in the conflict between both. The climax of this conflict comes with the younger races' exposing of the Vorlons' and the Shadows' 'true faces' and the rejection of both philosophies, heralding the dawn of a new age without their interference.

The notion that the war was about 'killing your parents' is echoed in the portrayal of the civil war between the human colonies and Earth. Deliberately dealing in historical and political metaphor, with particular emphasis upon and the, the becomes increasingly authoritarian, eventually sliding into a dictatorship. The show examines the impositions on under the pretext of greater defense against outside threats which aid its rise, and the self-delusion of a populace which believes its moral superiority will never allow a dictatorship to come to power, until it is too late. The successful rebellion led by the Babylon 5 station results in the restoration of a democratic government, and true autonomy for Mars and the colonies. War and peace [ ]. What interests me, what I wanted to do with making this show, was in large measure to examine the issues and emotions and events that precede a war, precipitate a war, the effects of the war itself, the end of the war and the aftermath of the war.

The war is hardware; the people are at the center of the story. Michael Straczynski, 1997 The Babylon 5 universe deals with numerous armed conflicts which range on an interstellar scale. The story begins in the aftermath of a war which brought the human race to the brink of extinction, caused by a misunderstanding during a. Babylon 5 is built to foster peace through diplomacy, described as the 'last, best hope for peace' in the opening credits monologue during its first three seasons. Wars between separate alien civilizations are featured. The conflict between the and the is followed from its beginnings as a minor territorial dispute amplified by historical animosity, through to its end, in which are employed to subjugate and enslave a planet. The war is an attempt to portray a more sobering kind of conflict than usually seen on science fiction television.

Informed by the events of the first, the and the, the intent was to recreate these moments when 'the world held its breath' and the emotional core of the conflict was the disbelief that the situation could have occurred at all, and the desperation to find a way to bring it to an end. By the start of the third season, the opening monologue had changed to say that the hope for peace had 'failed' and the Babylon 5 station had become the 'last, best hope for victory', indicating that while peace is a laudable accomplishment, it can also mean a capitulation to an enemy intent on committing horrendous acts and that 'peace is a byproduct of victory against those who do not want peace.'

The also features prominently in the show, during which an advanced alien species attempts to sow the seeds of conflict to promote technological and cultural advancement. The gradual discovery of the scheme and the rebellion against it, serve as the backdrop to the first three seasons, but also as a metaphor for the war within ourselves.

The concurrent limiting of civil liberties and Earth's descent into a dictatorship are 'shadow wars' of their own. In ending the Shadow War before the conclusion of the series, the show was able to more fully explore its aftermath, and it is this 'war at home' which forms the bulk of the remaining two seasons. The struggle for independence between and Earth culminates with a civil war between the human colonies (led by the Babylon 5 station) and the home planet.

Choosing Mars as both the spark for the civil war, and the staging ground for its dramatic conclusion, enabled the viewer to understand the conflict more fully than had it involved an anonymous colony orbiting a distant star. The conflict, and the reasons behind it, were informed by Nazism, McCarthyism and the breakup of, and the destruction of the state also served as partial inspiration for another civil war, which involved the alien Minbari. The post-war landscape has its roots in the. The attempt to resolve the after the conflict had ended, and this struggle for survival in a changed world was also informed by works such as, a novel dealing with the after-effects of a on a small American town. The show expresses that the end of these wars is not an end to war itself.

Events shown hundreds of years into the show's future tell of wars which will once again bring the human race to the edge of annihilation, demonstrating that mankind will not change, and the best that can be hoped for after it falls is that it climbs a little higher each time, until it can one day 'take [its] place among the stars, teaching those who follow.' Religion [ ].

If you look at the long history of human society, religion – whether you describe that as organized, disorganized, or the various degrees of accepted superstition – has always been present. And it will be present 200 years from now. To totally ignore that part of the human equation would be as false and wrong-headed as ignoring the fact that people get mad, or passionate, or strive for better lives. Michael Straczynski, 1993 Many of Earth's contemporary religions are shown to still exist, with the main human characters often having religious convictions. Among those specifically identified are the branch of (including the ),, and the fictional (which developed after first contact with alien races).

Alien beliefs in the show range from the 's -influenced religions, of which there are up to seventy different denominations, to the more as with the and religions. In the show's third season, a community of takes up residence on the Babylon 5 station, in order to learn what other races call God, and to come to a better understanding of the different religions through study at close quarters. References to both human and alien religion is often subtle and brief, but can also form the main theme of an episode. The first season episode ' is a conventional 'showcase' for religion, in which each species on the Babylon 5 station has an opportunity to demonstrate its beliefs (humanity's are presented as being numerous and varied), while ' focuses on a specific position of Roman Catholic beliefs, as well as concepts of justice, vengeance, and biblical forgiveness. Other treatments have been more contentious, such as the -scripted ', in which alien parents would rather see their son die than undergo a life-saving operation because their religious beliefs forbid it.

When religion is an integral part of an episode, various characters express differing view points. Such as in ', where the concept of an is touched upon, and whether after death it is destroyed, reincarnated, or simply does not exist. The character arguing the latter,, often appears in the more spiritual storylines as his scientific rationality is used to create dramatic conflict.

Undercurrents of religions such as Buddhism have been viewed by some in various episode scripts, and while identifying himself as an, Straczynski believes that passages of dialog can take on distinct meanings to viewers of differing faiths, and that the show ultimately expresses ideas which cross religious boundaries. Addiction [ ] Substance abuse and its impact on human personalities also plays a significant role in the Babylon 5 storyline. The station's security chief,, is a textbook relapsing-remitting alcoholic of the type; he practices complete from alcohol throughout most of the series (with ) until the. He only recovers physically and socially and breaks the cycle at the end of the season.

His eventual replacement as Chief of Security,, was given a second chance by Garibaldi after overcoming his own addiction to an unspecified drug. Develops an (initially unrecognized) addiction to injectable drugs while trying to cope with the chronic stress and work overload in Medlab, and wanders off to the homeless and deprived in Brown Sector, where he suffers through a severe syndrome. Executive Officer mentions that her father became an alcoholic after her mother had committed suicide after having been drugged by the authorities over a number of years. Captain tells Garibaldi that her father was an alcoholic and that she is a recovering alcoholic herself. Once I had the locale, I began to populate it with characters, and sketch out directions that might be interesting. I dragged out my notes on religion, philosophy, history, sociology, psychology, science (the ones that didn't make my head explode), and started stitching together a crazy quilt pattern that eventually formed a picture.

Once I had that picture in my head, once I knew what the major theme was, the rest fell into place. All at once, I saw the full five-year story in a flash, and I frantically began scribbling down notes. Michael Straczynski, 1995 Straczynski set five goals for Babylon 5. He said that the show 'would have to be good science fiction' as well as good television – 'rarely are shows both good [science fiction] and good TV; there're [ ] generally one or the other [emphasis in original].' It would have to do for science fiction television what had done for, by taking an adult approach to the subject. It would have to be reasonably budgeted, and 'it would have to look unlike anything ever seen before on TV, presenting individual stories against a much broader canvas.'

He further stressed that his approach was 'to take [science fiction] seriously, to build characters for grown-ups, to incorporate real science but keep the characters at the center of the story.' Some of the staples of television science fiction were also out of the question (the show would have 'no kids or cute robots'). The idea was not to present a perfect utopian future, but one with greed and homelessness; one where characters grow, develop, live, and die; one where not everything was the same at the end of the day's events.

Citing as an influence, Straczynski said he wanted the show to be a mirror to the real world and to covertly teach. Format [ ] Described as a 'window on the future' by series production designer John Iacovelli, the story is set in the 23rd century on a large space station named 'Babylon 5'—a five-mile-long, 2.5 million-ton rotating colony designed as a gathering place for the sentient species of the galaxy, in order to foster peace through diplomacy, trade, and cooperation. Instead, acting as a center of political intrigue and conflict, the station becomes the of a massive. This is reflected in the opening monologue of each episode, which describes it as the 'last, best hope for peace' in season one, then the 'last, best hope for victory' in season three. The series consists of a coherent five-year taking place over five seasons of 22 episodes each. Unlike most television shows at the time, Babylon 5 was conceived as a 'novel for television', with a defined beginning, middle, and end; in essence, each episode would be a single 'chapter' of this 'novel'.

Many of the tie-in novels, comic books, and short stories were also developed to play a significant part in the overall story. The cost of the series totalled an estimated $90 million for 110 episodes. Writing [ ] Creator and J. Michael Straczynski wrote 92 of the 110 episodes of Babylon 5, including all 44 episodes in the third and fourth seasons; according to Straczynski, a feat never before accomplished in American television. Other writers to have contributed scripts to the show include,,,,, and., a creative consultant on the show, received story credits for two episodes. Each writer was informed of the overarching storyline, enabling the show to be produced consistently under-budget. The rules of production were strict; scripts were written six episodes in advance, and changes could not be made once production had started.

Though conceived as a whole, it was necessary to adjust the plotline to accommodate external influences. Each of the characters in the series was written with a 'trap door' into their background so that, in the event of an actor's unexpected departure from the series, the character could be written out with minimal impact on the storyline. In the words of Straczynski, 'As a writer, doing a long-term story, it'd be dangerous and short-sighted for me to construct the story without trap doors for every single character. That was one of the big risks going into a long-term storyline which I considered long in advance.'

The character of was to have undergone a transformation into a secret agent, having been revealed as a 'sleeper', whose true personality was buried subconsciously, and who acted as a spy, observing the events on the station and the actions of her command staff. When Winters's portrayer left the series, this revelation was used to drop the character from the series. First thing I did was to flip out the stand-alones, which traditionally have taken up the first 6 or so episodes of each season; between two years, that's 12 episodes, over half a season right there. Then you would usually get a fair number of additional stand-alones scattered across the course of the season. So figure another 3–4 per season, say 8, that's 20 out of 44.

So now you're left with basically 24 episodes to fill out the main arc of the story. —Straczynski, J. Michael, 1996 Ratings for Babylon 5 continued to rise during the show's third season, but going into the fourth season, the impending demise of network left a fifth year in doubt. Unable to get word one way or the other from parent company, and unwilling to short-change the story and the fans, Straczynski began preparing modifications to the fourth season in order to allow for both eventualities. Straczynski identified three primary which would require resolution: the Shadow war, Earth's slide into a dictatorship, and a series of sub-threads which branched off from those.

Estimating they would still take around 27 episodes to resolve without having the season feel rushed, the solution came when the network commissioned two Babylon 5 television films. Several hours of material was thus able to be moved into the films, including a three-episode arc which would deal with the background to the, and a sub-thread which would have set up the sequel series, Crusade. Further standalone episodes and plot-threads were dropped from season four, which could be inserted into Crusade, or the fifth season, were it to be given the.

The intended series finale, ', was filmed during season four as a precaution against cancellation. When word came that TNT had picked up Babylon 5, this was moved to the end of season five and replaced with a newly filmed season four finale, '.

Costume [ ] Ann Bruice Aling was costume designer for the show, after John Iacovelli suggested her for the position having previously worked with Bruice on a number of film and theatrical productions. With the variety of costumes required she compared Babylon 5 to 'eclectic theatre', with fewer rules about period, line, shape and textures having to be adhered to.

Preferring natural materials whenever possible, such as in the body armor, Bruice combined and layered fabrics as diverse as rayon and silk with from the 1930s and '40s to give the clothing the appearance of having evolved within different cultures. Often we try to coordinate the sensibilities of the aliens. I try to work with Optic Nerve to ensure that the head meets the body in some sensible way. We talk about similar qualities, textures and colors and the flow of the total being. Truthfully, often the look of the prosthetic comes somewhat earlier and from that I have an understanding of what direction to go. — Ann Bruice Aling, 1995 With an interest in costume history, she initially worked closely with J. Michael Straczinski to get a sense of the historical perspective of the major alien races, 'so I knew if they were a peaceful people or a warring people, cold climate etc.

And then I would interpret what kind of sensibility that called for.' Collaborating with other departments to establish co-ordinated visual themes for each race, a broad palette of colors was developed with Iacovelli, which he referred to as 'spicy brights'.

These warm shades of grey and secondary colors, such as certain blues for the, would often be included when designing both the costumes and relevant sets. As the main characters evolved, Bruice referred back to Straczynski and producer John Copeland who she viewed as 'surprisingly more accessible to me as advisors than other producers and directors', so the costumes could reflect these changes.

Ambassador 's purple coat became dark blue and more tailored while his waistcoats became less patterned and brightly colored as Bruice felt 'Londo has evolved in my mind from a buffoonish character to one who has become more serious and darker.' Normally there were three changes of costume for the primary actors; one for on set, one for the stunt double and one on standby in case of 'coffee spills'. For human civilians, garments were generally purchased and altered in various ways, such as removing lapels from jackets and shirts while rearranging, to suggest future fashions. For some of the main female characters a more approach was taken, as in the suits worn by which Bruice described as being designed and fitted to within 'an inch of their life'. Costumes for the destitute residents of downbelow would be distressed through a combination of bleaching, sanding, dipping in dye baths and having stage blood added. Like many of the crew on the show, members of the costume department made onscreen.

During the season 4 episode ', the tailors and costume supervisor appeared as the Minbari women fitting for his new uniform as the recently promoted head of security. His complaints, and the subsequent stabbing of him with a needle by costume supervisor Kim Holly, was a light hearted reference to the previous security uniforms, a design carried over from the pilot movie which were difficult to work with and wear due to the combination of leather and wool. Prosthetic makeup and animatronics [ ] While the original pilot film featured some which were puppets and, the decision was made early on in the show's production to portray most alien species as in appearance.

Barring isolated appearances, fully aliens were discounted as an idea due to the 'massive power' required. Long-term use of puppets and animatronics was also discounted due to the technological limitations in providing convincing interaction with the human actors ('.if you want any real emotion from the character, you're going to have to have an actor inside').

See also: In anticipation of future broadcasts and releases, rather than the usual format, the series was shot in, with the image cropped to 4:3 for initial television transmissions. Babylon 5 also distinguished itself at a time when models and miniature were still standard by becoming one of the first television shows to use computer technology in creating. This was achieved using -based at first, and later,, and -based systems. It also attempted to respect in its effects sequences, with particular emphasis on the effects of inertia. Provided the special effects for the pilot film (for which it won an Emmy) and the first three seasons of the show, led by Ron Thornton. After the show's co-executive producer (Douglas Netter) and producer (John Copeland) approached Straczynski with the idea of producing the effects in-house, Straczynski agreed to replace Foundation, for season 4 and 5, once a new team had been established by, and an equal level of quality was assured, by using similar technology and a number of former Foundation employees.

The Emmy-winning alien make-up was provided by Optic Nerve Studios. Music and scoring [ ] Sleeping in Light by Released March 23, 1999 ( 1999-03-23), Length 25: 01 Sonic Images Professional ratings Review scores Source Rating and the musical soundtrack for all 5 years of the show when, who worked on the original telefilm, was unable to return for the first season due to recording and touring commitments. Given creative freedom by the producers, Franke also and all the music which one reviewer described as having 'added another dimension of mystery, suspense, and excitement to the show, with an easily distinguishable character that separates 'Babylon 5' from other sci-fi television entries of the era.' With his recording studio in the same building as his home located in the, Franke would attend creative meetings before scoring the on average 25 minutes of music for each episode. Utilising software through an, or for more complex pieces a and, he would begin by developing the content round which the components and were added. Using playbacks with digital of the appropriate instruments, such as a group of violins, he would decide which tracks to produce electronically or record.

Utilizing the 'acoustic dirt produced by live instruments and the ability to play so well between two semitones' and the 'frequency range, dynamics and control' provided by synthesizers, he described his approach 'as experimental friendly as possible without leaving the happy marriage between the orchestral and electronic sounds'. While highlighting Babylon 5 was produced on a 'veritable shoestring', and as such would have been unable to afford a full orchestral score every week, at least one reviewer felt that the soundtrack would have benefitted from a greater use of the Berlin Symphonic Film Orchestra, which Franke established in 1991. [ ] And while Franke's handling of the electronic textures is adept, I think he could have made a little better use of the German orchestra that's credited in every episode. In particularly, the driving, fanfare-like title themes would gain a lot of distinction from the kind of guts that an acoustic sound would bring to them. Scores for the acoustic tracks were emailed to his Berlin scoring stage, and would require from four musicians to the full orchestra, with a maximum of 24 present at any one time.

One of three conductors would also be required for any score that involved more than 6 musicians. Franke would direct recording sessions via six fibre optic digital telephone lines to transmit and receive video, music and the. The final edit and mixing of the tracks would take place in his Los Angeles studio.

Initially concerned composing for an episodic television show could become 'annoying because of the repetition', Franke found the evolving characters and story of Babylon 5 afforded him the opportunity to continually 'push the envelope'. Assembling music written for the series' final episode, Sleeping in Light succinctly encapsulates just how far Franke's sensibilities evolved over the course of Babylon 5's five-year production run – the synthesizer textures and martial percussion so long a fixture of the series' musical palette are now enhanced by strings and guitars that emphasize the deeply human emotional dimensions of the interstellar drama. Indeed, for all the series' obvious emphasis on fantasy and otherworldly sounds, Franke never lost track of its earthbound soul. Epic in scope and scale, Sleeping in Light boasts a power few TV soundtracks achieve. A total of 24 episode and three television film soundtracks were released under Franke's record label, Sonic Images Records, between 1995 and 2001. These contain the musical scores in the same chronological order as they played in the corresponding episodes, or television films.

Three compilation albums were also produced, containing extensively re-orchestrated and remixed musical passages taken from throughout the series to create more elaborate suites. In 2007 his soundtrack for was released under the record label. [ ] Music CD Releases Episodic Soundtracks Tracks Running Time Release Date Catalog No. Main article: The show employed Internet marketing to create a buzz among online readers far in advance of the airing of the pilot episode, with Straczynski participating in online communities on (in the newsgroup), and the and systems before the Web came together as it exists today. The station's location, in 'grid epsilon' at coordinates of 470/18/22, was a reference to ('grid epsilon' = 'GE') and the original forum's address on the system's bulletin boards (page 470, category 18, topic 22). Also during this time, executive Jim Moloshok created and distributed electronic to help advertise the series. In 1995, Warner Bros.

Started the Official Babylon 5 Website on the now defunct portal. In September 1995, they hired a fan to take over the site and move it to its own domain name, and to oversee the Keyword B5 area on. [ ] Broadcast history [ ] The pilot film,, premiered on February 22, 1993, and the regular series initially aired from January 26, 1994 through November 25, 1998, first on the short-lived, then in. The fifth season aired on cable network. James Blunt Cry Mp3 Download Free more. The show aired every week in the United Kingdom on without a break; as a result the last four or five episodes of the early seasons were shown in the UK before the US. The pilot film debuted in the United States with strong viewing figures, achieving a 9.7 in the national syndication rankings.

The series proper debuted with a 6.8 rating/10 share. Figures dipped in its second week, and while it posted a solid 5.0 rating/8 share, with an increase in several major markets, ratings for the first season continued to fall, to a low of 3.4 during, and then increasing again when new episodes were broadcast in July. [ ] Ratings continued to remain low-to-middling throughout the first four seasons, but Babylon 5 scored well with the required to attract the leading national sponsors and saved up to $300,000 per episode by shooting off the studio lot, therefore remaining profitable for the network. The fifth season, shown on cable network TNT, had ratings about 1.0% lower than seasons two through four. In the United Kingdom, Babylon 5 was one of the better-rated US television shows on Channel 4, and achieved high audience, with season 4's ' achieving the rare feat of beating the prime-time soap operas for first position.

On November 25, 1998, after five seasons and 109 aired episodes, Babylon 5 successfully completed its five-year story arc when TNT aired the 110th () episode '. Main article: In November 1994, began publishing monthly Babylon 5 comics. A number of short stories and novels were also produced between 1995 and 2001. Additional books were published by the gaming companies Chameleon Eclectic and, to support their desk-top strategy and games. Three telefilms were released by (TNT) in 1998, after funding a fifth season of Babylon 5, following the demise of the the previous year.

In addition to,, and, they released a re-edited special edition of the original 1993 telefilm,. In 1999, a fifth telefilm was also produced,, which acted as a pilot movie for the spin-off series, which TNT cancelled after 13 episodes had been filmed. Started publication of a series of Babylon 5 novels in 1995, which were ostensibly considered canon within the TV series' continuity, nominally supervised by creator J. Michael Straczynski, with later novels in the line being more directly based upon Straczynski's own notes and story outlines. In 1997, obtained the publication license from Warner Bros., and proceeded to release a number of original trilogies directly scenarized by Straczynski, as well as novelizations of three of the TNT telefilms ( In the Beginning, Thirdspace, and A Call to Arms). All of the Del Rey novels are considered completely canonical within the filmic Babylon 5 universe.

In 2000, the purchased the rights to rerun the Babylon 5 series, and premiered a new telefilm, in 2002, which failed to be picked up as a series. In 2007, the first in a planned anthology of straight-to-DVD short stories entitled,, was released by, but no others were produced, due to funding issues. At the 2014, Straczynski announced that a Babylon 5 film was planned to go into production in 2016. It is to be a reboot of the story, but potentially one using old cast members in different roles.

Would produce it on a budget of $80–100 million if did not take up the offer. At the 2016 San Diego Comic Con, Straczynski said the film has been delayed until he makes one or two more television series or films, to build up his reputation and ensure the desired $100 million plus, budget. Home video releases [ ] In July 1995, began distributing Babylon 5 VHS video tapes under its Beyond Vision label in the UK.

Beginning with the original telefilm,, these were tapes, showing video in the same as the initial television broadcasts. By the release of Season 2, tapes included of dialogue and sound. Began distributing tapes, via mail order in 1997, followed by repackaged collector's editions and three-tape in 1999, by which time the original pilot telefilm had been replaced by the re-edited TNT special edition. Additional movie and complete season boxed-sets were also released by Warner Bros.

Released Babylon 5 between December 1998 and September 1999. Produced on double-sided 12-inch discs, each contained two episodes displayed in the 4:3 broadcast aspect-ratio, with Dolby Surround audio and closed captioning for the dialogue. Starting with two TNT telefilms, and the re-edited special edition of The Gathering, Seasons 1 and 5 were released simultaneously over a six-month period.

Seasons 2 and 4 followed, but with the decision to halt production due to a drop in sales, precipitated by rumors of a pending DVD release, only the first twelve episodes of Season 2 and the first six episodes of Season 4 were ultimately released. In November 2001, Warner Home Video began distributing Babylon 5 DVDs with a two-movie set containing the re-edited TNT special edition of The Gathering and In The Beginning. The telefilms were later individually released in in April 2002, though some markets received the original version of The Gathering in identical packaging. DVD boxed sets of the individual seasons, each containing six discs, began being released in October 2002. Each included a printed booklet containing episode summaries, with each disc containing audio options for German, French, and English, plus in a wider range of languages, including Arabic and Dutch. Video was displayed in with sound.

Disc 1 of each set contained an introduction to the season by, while disc 6 included containing interviews with various production staff, as well as information on the, and a. Three episodes in each season also contained commentary from either Straczynski, members of the main cast, and/or the episode director. Since its initial release, a number of repackaged DVD boxed sets have been produced for various. With slightly altered, they included no additional content, but the discs were more securely stored in slimline cases, rather than the early 'book' format, with hard plastic pages used during the original release of the first three seasons. Initial DVD release Episode box sets Babylon 5: The Complete First Season Nov 5, 2002 Oct 28, 2002 Nov 27, 2002 Babylon 5: The Complete Second Season April 29, 2003 May 26, 2003 Jul 9, 2003 Babylon 5: The Complete Third Season Aug 12, 2003 Nov 10, 2003 Dec 19, 2003 Babylon 5: The Complete Fourth Season Jan 6, 2004 April 19, 2004 Aug 19, 2004 Babylon 5: The Complete Fifth Season April 13, 2004 Jan 2005 Dec 16, 2004 Babylon 5: The Complete Television Series Aug 17, 2004 N/A N/A Babylon 5: The Complete Universe (inc. The widescreen conversion thing was executive short sightedness at its finest!!! We offered to do ALL of Babylon 5 in widescreen mode if Warner Bros would buy us a reference monitor so we could check our output.

(only $5000 at the time) Ken Parkes (the 'Business affairs' guy) and Netter (penny wise, but pound foolish) said no! So we did everything so it could be CROPPED to be widescreen!

Each blamed the other by the way. Doug Netter said, 'Ken Parkes said no'. Ken Parkes said, 'Doug Netter said no'.

So for $75 an episode they could have had AWESOME near Hi-Def. — Ron Thornton, 2008 Though the CG scenes, and those containing live action combined with digital elements, could have been created in a suitable widescreen format, a cost-saving decision was taken to produce them in the 4:3 aspect ratio. The intention was to then the top and bottom of the images, and the resolution for any future widescreen release or broadcast. In 2000, when the show was transferred to widescreen for airing on the prior to its eventual DVD release, the plan was not followed, as John Copeland recalls: 'They did another video hack, and simply used a digital post production device like a DVE (Digital Video Effects) to blow the material up. They essentially stretched it approximately 1/3 to fill the larger aspect ratio.' The scenes containing live action ready to be with,, etc., were delivered on tape already telecined to the 4:3 aspect-ratio, and contained a high level of, which resulted in further being present when enlarged and stretched for widescreen. For the purely live-action scenes, rather than using the film negatives, 'Warners had even forgotten that they had those.

They used versions and converted them to for the US market. They actually didn't go back and retransfer the shows.' With the resulting, and the transfer of the video to DVD, this has created a number of visual flaws throughout the widescreen release. In particular, quality has been noted to drop significantly in composite shots.

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Doug Mann, Professor of Media Studies and Sociology, University of Western Ontario and King's College. Archived from on December 7, 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-22. • John Dempsey (April 4, 2000)... Archived from on 2014-05-12.

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Michael (October 8, 1995).. Retrieved 2009-07-28. • Straczynski, J. Michael (January 3, 1992).. From the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-05. • ^ Chris Aylott (December 3, 1999)..

Retrieved 2007-11-07. • 'Ivanova', DykesVision Staff (January 19, 2004).. Archived from on October 11, 2004. Retrieved 2009-10-18. I think I.loved Talia. • Sinclair, David (September 6, 2009).. Retrieved 2009-10-18.

When Babylon 5 revealed two of its lead characters to be bisexual or lesbian in its second season. There was no uproar, no drop in ratings, and no boycotts.

• Straczynski, J. Michael (February 23, 1994)..:. Retrieved 2009-10-18.

• Parks, Jo-Ann (March 17, 2000).. Imaginova Corp. Retrieved 2009-10-18. • ^ Straczynski, J. Lurker's Guide to Babylon 5.

From the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-07. The notion of the Vorlons and Shadows representing Order and Chaos goes back to the Babylonian creation myths, that the universe was born in the conflict between order and chaos, hence part of the reason I decided to name this show after Babylon. That's called *research*.

It informs the show, but it is not the show. • Straczynski, J. Michael (May 11, 1996).. Retrieved 2006-09-02.

• ^ Scott O'Callaghan (October 13, 2000).. Retrieved 2007-11-07. • Straczynski, J. Michael (October 6, 1995)..:. Retrieved 2007-11-07.

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Archived from on March 13, 1994. Retrieved 2009-10-19.I *love* sagas, and B5 will present a chance to tell that kind of saga.

But this is hardly revelation; the world of SF print has been doing this now ever since the Lensman books. The job now is translating that approach to television. • ^ (January 24, 1995).. Michael Straczynski Message Archive.

From (Jms at B5): Synthetic Worlds. Retrieved 2009-10-20.

For a long time, a lot of people told me to drop it. My agent said, 'Kiddo, you know I love the project, but I think you've got to face reality. It's not going to happen.'

• Shankel, Jason (February 21, 2013).. Retrieved February 28, 2013. • (November 1991)... Steven Grimm. Archived from on March 13, 1994.

Retrieved 2009-10-20. For years, at conventions, I have heard fans lament, and even sat in on panels entitled WHY CAN'T THEY GET IT RIGHT? • (December 4, 1991). Michael Straczynski Message Archive.

From: Synthetic Worlds. Retrieved 2009-10-20.using science the way it should be used, not talking down to the audience. That desire has been noted. • ^ Iacovelli, John (Production Designer) (August 17, 2004). Archived from on 2009-12-06. Retrieved 2009-12-06.

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From: Synthetic Worlds. Retrieved 2009-10-20. One final note: B5 has always been conceived as, fundamentally, a five year story, a novel for television, which makes it very different as well. • (April 25, 1996).. Michael Straczynski Message Archive.

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My theory is that *in general* the novels and comics tend to be canon, but the details may not always be, mainly because it's virtually impossible to ride herd on every single line of all this the way I do the show. • Merrick (July 24, 2006)... Austin, Texas: Harry Knowles. Retrieved 2009-10-24. Anyway, they asked if I wanted to do a feature film but I declined mainly because I can't yet picture structuring a B5 movie as long as [Andreas Katsulas] and [Richard Biggs] insist on staying dead. Lurker's Guide to Babylon 5.

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External links [ ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to. Wikiquote has quotations related to: • [ ] • on • at • at Curlie (based on ) •: Babylon 5 reference and episode guide •: Babylon 5 production diaries hosted at Infinispace.net •: Information from the original 1991 promotional flyer, with different character names and 's artwork.